Связь с грамматикой. МорфологияСвяз

Связь с грамматикой. Морфология

Связь фонетики с морфологией проявляется в том, что, устанавливая правила образования грамматических категорий, морфология очень часто обращается к фонетическим правилам. Сюда относятся:

1) случаи чередования гласных при образовании:

а) нерегулярных форм множественного числа имен существи­тельных: foot [fut] —feet [fi:t];

б) форм неправильных глаголов: swim [swim] — swam [swsem] — swum [swAm];

2) правила, регулирующие чтение окончаний некоторых грам­матических категорий:

а) форм прошедшего времени правильных глаголов: played
[pleid], worked [w3:kt], wanted [wraitid];

б) форм множественного числа и притяжательного падежа имен
существительных: tables [teiblz], books [buks], boxes [troksiz]; boy's
[boiz], cat's [kasts], Alice's ['ashsiz];

в) форм 3-го лица единственного числа глаголов настоящего
времени: reads [ri:dz], takes [teiks], crosses ['krosiz].

Фонетика связана также и с другим разделом грамматики — синтаксисом. Эта связь проявляется в том, что любое предложение, будучи прочитанным, всегда имеет некую просодическую оболочку. Существуют определенные тенденции в интонационном оформлении таких синтаксических структур, как вопросительные предложения разных типов, прямые обращения, слова автора, пе­речисления, приветствия, прощания, вводные слова.

При помощи интонационных средств определяется коммуника­тивный тип высказываний. Например, предложение You've lost it, произнесенное с нисходящим тоном (You've lost it), является утверждением, а с восходящим тоном (You've 'lost it?) — вопросом.

От интонационного оформления предложения может зави­сеть его смысл. Так, фраза I have 'plans to leave, произнесенная с нисходящим тоном на слове leave, означает, что говорящий планирует уехать, в то время как фраза / have "plans to Jeave, произнесенная с нисходящим тоном на слове plans, означает, что говорящий должен оставить планы, а не схемы или карты. Таким образом, правильное размещение терминального тона во фразе позволяет говорящему адекватно выразить мысль и избе­жать разночтения.

При помощи мелодических средств, логического ударения, па-узации происходит членение предложений на смысловые группы (синтагмы). Иногда интерпретация предложения может зависеть от локализации паузы. Например, предложение Those who sold quickly made a profit можно прочитать как ' Those who 'sold "quickly 'made a ^profit; и тогда оно будет означать «Прибыль была получена теми, кто быстро продавал». Если паузу сделать после слова sold: "Those who "sold | 'quickly 'made a ^profit, то смысл предложения будет иным, а именно: «Прибыль была быстро получена теми, кто продавал»

Результаты (английский) 1:

Communication with grammar. MorphologyRelationship of phonetics with morphology is that, by establishing rules of grammatical categories of education, morphology is very often refers to phonetic rules. These include:1) cases when the vowel alternation:a) irregular plural names first ing: foot [fut] feet [fi: t];b) forms of irregular verbs: swim [swim]-[swsem] swam swum [swAm];2) rules governing the reading some endings gram topic categories:and elapsed time) forms of regular verbs: played[pleid] worked [w3: kt], wanted [wraitid];b) plural and possessive case namesnouns: tables [teiblz] books [buks] boxes [troksiz]; boy's[boiz] cat's [kasts], Alice's [' ashsiz];in the 3-th) forms of person singular verbs presenttime: reads [ri: dz], takes [teiks], crosses [' krosiz].Phonetics is associated with another section-grammar syntax. This relationship is that any proposal being read, always has a prosodičeskuû wrapper. There are certain trends in intonacionnom registration of such syntactical structures as interrogative offers different types of direct appeals, author, PE rečisleniâ, greetings, goodbyes, introductory words.Using communication quality determines the means of intonational type statements. For example, you've lost it, spoken with a descending tone (you've lost it), is an allegation, but with a rising tone (you've ' lost it?) is an issue.From prosodic registration proposals may depend the network its meaning. So, the phrase ' I have plans to leave, delivered with a descending tone on the word "leave", means that the speaker plans to leave, while the phrase "/have plans to Jeave delivered with descending tone on the word plans, means that the speaker should leave plans, rather than diagrams or maps. Thus, the correct placement of the Terminal in tone allows the speaker adequately express the idea and avoid press confusion.Using melodic means logical accents, PA-uzacii segmentation occurs proposals for semantic Group (Syntagma Square). Sometimes interpretation proposals may depend on the localization of the pause. For example, Those who sold quickly made a profit can be read as ' Those who ' sold ' quickly ' made a ^ profit; and then it will mean profit was received by those who quickly sold. If the pause after the word sold: "Those who" sold | quickly ' made a ^ profit, the meaning will be different proposals, namely: "Profit was quickly received by those who sold»

Результаты (английский) 2:

Communication with grammar. Morphology

Communication phonetics morphology seen in the fact that, setting the rules for the formation of grammatical categories, morphology, often refers to the phonetic rules. These include:

1) cases of vowel in the formation of:

a) irregular plural forms of nouns: foot [fut] -feet [fi : t];

b) forms of irregular verbs: swim [swim] - swam [ swsem] - swum [ swAm];

2) the rules governing the reading of the endings of some grammatical categories:

a) forms of the past tense of regular verbs: Played
[pleid], worked [the w3: kt], wanted [wraitid];

b) plurals and possessives of names
nouns: tables [teiblz], books [buks ], boxes [troksiz]; boy's
[boiz], cat is's [kasts], by Alice's [ 'ashsiz];

c) forms of the 3rd person singular verbs present
. Time: reads [ri: dz], takes [teiks], crosses [' krosiz]

Phonetics is also linked and another section of the grammar - syntax. This relationship is evident in the fact that any sentence being read, always has some prosodic envelope. There are certain trends in the design of such intonation syntactic structures as interrogative sentences of different types of direct appeals, the words of the author, transfers, greeting, farewell, introductory words.

With the intonation means determined by the type of communicative utterances. For example, a proposal You've lost it, pronounced with a falling tone (You've lost it), is a statement, and with a rising tone (You've 'lost it?) -. Question

from intonation design proposals may depend on its meaning. Thus, the phrase I have 'plans to leave, delivered with a falling tone on leave word, means that the speaker intends to leave, while the phrase / have "plans to Jeave, delivered with a falling tone on Plans word, means that the speaker must leave plans, not schemes or maps. Thus, the correct placement of the terminal pitch of the phrase allows the speaker to adequately express the idea and avoid misunderstandings.

With melodic means, logical stress, pas uzatsii occurs division of the sentence into meaningful groups (syntagma). Sometimes an interpretation proposals may depend on the location of the pause, for example, offer Those who sold quickly made ​​a profit can be read as' Those who 'sold "quickly ' made ​​a ^ profit.; and then it will mean "Profit was obtained by those who sell fast." If you do pause after the word sold: "Those who" sold | 'quickly' made ​​a ^ profit, the proposal will be different meaning, namely "Profit was quickly obtained by those who sell"

Результаты (английский) 3:

the connection with the grammar. morphologyrelationship of phonetics and morphology shows that education, establishing rules of grammatical categories, the morphology is very often turns to фонетическим regulation. these include:1) the incidence of alternating vowels in education:(a) the irregular forms of plural names существи­тельных: foot [was] - feet [fi: t];b) the forms of irregular verbs: swim [swim] - [] - swam swsem swAm swum [];2) the rules governing the reading system of some грам­матических categories:(a) the forms of the past time had their verbs:[pleid] by [w3, etc.), wraitid wanted [];(b) forms plural and притяжательного падежа namesteiblz gumbo: tables [], [], [buks books, boxes troksiz]; boy"s[boiz], cat "s [kasts), alice"s and ashsiz];in the form of) the 3rd person present singular verbtime: reads [ri: dz] could [teiks], crosses ["krosiz].phonetics is also linked with another section of grammar and syntax. this relationship is manifested in the fact that any proposal, as прочитанным, always has some просодическую shell. there are some trends in the интонационном processing syntactic structures such as the stomach the upside down question sentences of different types, the direct treatment, the author"s words, пе­речисления, greetings, farewells, introductory words.with the help of интонационных funds is determined коммуника­тивный type expressions. for example, the sentence you "ve lost it, made with the top-down way (you" ve lost it) is set, and the rising tone (you"ve "lost it?) - question.from the интонационного design proposal may зави­сеть its meaning. so, the phrase i have "plans to leave, произнесенная with top-down tone that leave, means that the speaker intends to leave, while the phrase / have "plans to Jeave, произнесенная with top-down tone on the word" means that the speaker must have plans and diagrams or maps. thus, the location terminal tone in a phrase can adequately express the idea and mine who избе­жать discrepancies.with the help of melodic sound, logical, pa узации"s articulation of semantic group (синтагмы). sometimes the proposals may depend on the localization of the pauses. for example, offer those who sold quickly made a profit can be read as" those who "sold" quickly "made a ^ profit; and then it would mean "the profit received by those who quickly продавал». if the pause after the word not to do: "those who" sold | "quickly" made a ^ profit, then the meaning of sentence is different, namely, "profits were rapidly obtained those who продавал»