Если воздух проходит наружу через п

Если воздух проходит наружу через полость носа, то такие смычные звуки называются носовыми. Примерами носовых смычных являются русские [ н , м ] и английские [ n , m , ŋ ].

Если органы речи смыкаются не полностью, а оставляют узкий проход - щель для воздуха, то мы произносим щелевой согласный. В русском языке щелевыми являются звуки [ с , з , ф , в , ш , ж , л ], в английском языке щелевые согласные [ θ , ð , ʃ , ʒ , s , z , h , f , v , w , r , j , l ]. Среди согласных имеются смычно-щелевые звуки. Они называются так потому, что размыкание преграды у них происходит замедленно; полная преграда переходит в щель. В русском языке это звуки [ ц , ч ], а в английском [ tʃ , dʒ ].

Преграда на пути выдыхаемого воздуха может быть образована различными органами речи. Если нижняя губа сближается с верхней, то появляются губно-губные согласные. В русском языке это звуки [ п , м ], в английском [ p , m , w ]. Если нижняя губа прикасается к верхним зубам, то такие согласные называются губно-зубными. В русском языке это звуки [ ф , в ], в английском - [ f , v ].

Если кончик языка находится между нижними и верхними передними зубами, то произносится межзубный согласный звук: [ θ , ð ].

Русские согласные [ т , д , н , л , с , з ] - зубные, так как конец языка поднимается к внутренней поверхности верхних зубов. Английские согласные [ t , d , l , s , z ] - альвеолярные, так как кончик языка прикасается или приподнимается к альвеолам.

По работе голосовых связок различают глухие и звонкие согласные. При произнесении глухих согласных голосовая щель раскрыта и выдыхаемый воздух проходит через гортань беззвучно. При звонких согласных голосовые связки сближены и напряжены. Выдыхаемый воздух приводит их в колебания, в результате чего образуется звонкий согласный звук. В русском языке звуки: [ б , в , г , д , ж , з , л , м , н , р , ц ] - звонкие согласные, а звуки: [ к , п , с , т , ф , х , ч , ш , щ ] - глухие согласные звуки. В английском языке к звонким звукам относятся: [ b , v , g , d , z , l , m , n , r ], к глухим - [ k , p , s , t , f , tʃ , ʃ , θ , h ].

Звонкие согласные: Глухие согласные:
б - [ b ]
в - [ v ]
г - [ g ]
д - [ d ]
ж - [ ʒ ]
з - [ z ]
л - [ l ]
м - [ m ]
н - [ n ]
р - [ r ]
ц - [ dʒ ] - [ ð ] к - [ k ]
п - [ p ]
с - [ s ]
т - [ t ]
ф - [ f ]
х - [ h ]
ч - [ tʃ ]
ш - [ ʃ ]
щ - [ θ ]
Гласные звуки английского языка

Для классификации гласных звуков рассматриваются различные положения языка относительно твёрдого нёба, а также, какая часть языка участвует в артикуляции и как высоко спинка языка поднимается к твёрдому нёбу.

Различают гласные переднего ряда, когда кончик языка упирается в основание нижних зубов, а спинка языка довольно близко подходит к твёрдому нёбу: английский гласный [ i: ] и русский [ и ].

Если язык оттянут назад и кончик языка опущен, а спинка языка приподнята к мягкому нёбу, мы произносим гласные заднего ряда: английский звук [ a: ] и русские звуки [ о ] и [ у ].

По положению губ различают огубленные и неогубленные гласные звуки. Например, при произнесении русского звука [ у ] губы округляются и выдвигаются вперёд: [ у ] является огубленным гласным. При произнесении [ и ] губы чуть растянуты, но не выдвинуты вперёд: гласный [ и ] - неогубленный гласный.

Качество гласного зависит от напряжённости мускулатуры органов речи: чем напряжённее артикуляция, тем отчётливее и ярче звук. Соответственно различают гласные напряжённые и ненапряжённые. Например, английский гласный [ i: ] произносится с большим напряжением, чем [ i ].

Результаты (английский) 1:

When air passes through the nasal cavity, these stops are called nasal sounds. Examples of nasal stops are the Russians [n, m] and English [n, m, ŋ].If the speech organs are not fully, but leave the narrow passage-air slot, we utter the fricative. In Russian streak are the sounds [p, g, s, SW, w, f, l], in English, the slotted consonants [, ð, θ ʃ ʒ,, s, z, h, f, v, w, r, j, l]. Among consonants, there are smyčno-slot sounds. They are called so because they have barriers breaking happens slowly; full barrier goes into the slot. In Russian it sounds [c, h] and English [ALT., dʒ].Barrier in the way of exhaled air can be formed by the various organs of speech. If the lower lip with a top, then there are bilabial consonants. In Russian it sounds [n, m], [p, m, w]. If the lower lip touches the upper teeth, such consonants are called gubno-dental. In Russian it sounds [f], English [f, v].If the tip of the tongue is between the lower and upper front teeth, pronounced mežzubnyj consonant sound [θ, ð].Russian consonants [t, d, n, l, n, w]-dental, because the end of the tongue rises to the inner surface of the upper teeth. English consonants [t, d, l, s, z]-alveolar, as the tip of the tongue touches or lifted to the alveoli.On the work of the vocal cords are distinguished deaf and voiced consonants. When I say deaf consonants voice crack revealed and exhaled air passes through the larynx silently. When voiced consonants vocal cords drawn together and stretched. Exhaled air causes them to wobble, resulting in media sound. In Russian language sounds: [b, c, d, e, f, g, l, m, n, r, c]-voiced consonants and sounds: [k, p, s, t, s, x, ч, ш, щ]-voiceless consonant sounds. In the English language to the sonorous sounds include: [b, v, g, d, z, l, m, n, r], to the deaf-[k, p, s, t, f, ALT., ʃ, θ, h].Voiced consonants: Unvoiced consonants:b-[b]in [v]g-[g]d-[d]w-[ʒ]w-[z]l-[l]m-[m]n-[n]r-[r]TS-[dʒ]-[ð]-[k]p [p]p-[s]t [t]s-[f]x-[h]h-[ALT.]sh [ʃ]щ-[θ]Vowel sounds of EnglishFor classifying vowel sounds discusses the various provisions concerning the language of hard palate, as well as which part of the language involved in the articulation and how high backrest language rises to the hard palate.Front vowels are distinguished when the tip of the tongue rests at the base of the lower teeth, and the backrest of the language is pretty close to the hard palate: the English vowel [i] and [u] Russian.If the language is drawn back and tip of the tongue is omitted, and the backrest language raised to the soft palate, we utter the vowels rear series: English sound [a:] and Russian sounds [] and [].On the status of lips ogublennye and neogublennye distinguish the vowel sounds. For example, when speaking of the Russian sound [y] lips rounded and forward: [y] is the ogublennym vowel. When I say [and] lips slightly stretched, but not brought forward: the vowel [u]-close central unrounded vowel.Vowel quality depends on the tension of muscles of speech than intensive articulation, so noticeable and brighter sound. Consequently distinguish vowels and stressful ". For example, the English vowel [i] is pronounced with more stress than [i].

Результаты (английский) 2:

If the outside air passes through the nasal cavity, then these are called occlusive nasal sounds. Examples of nasal occlusive are Russian [n, m] and English [n, m, ŋ].

If the speech organs are closed not completely, but leave a narrow passage - a gap for air, then we say fricative. In Russian slotted are the sounds [s, s, f, c, w, x, n] in English fricative [θ, ð, ʃ, ʒ , s, z, h, f, v, w, r, j, l]. Among the consonants are slit-occlusive sounds. They are called so because the opening of the barriers they occur slowed; complete obstruction passes into the slot. In Russian it sounds [c, h], and in English [tʃ, dʒ].

Obstruction in the way of the exhaled air may be formed by various organs of speech. If the lower lip is moving closer to the top, then there labio-labial consonants. In Russian it sounds [n, m], English [p, m, w]. If the lower lip touches the upper teeth, then these are called consonants labiodental. In Russian it sounds [p, c], in English - [f, v].

If the tip of the tongue is between the upper and lower front teeth, then pronounced interdental consonant: [θ, ð].

Russian consonants [t, d, n, l, c, h] - tooth as lying tongue end to the inner surface of the upper teeth. English consonants [t, d, l, s , z] -. Alveolar, as the tip of the tongue touches or is raised to the alveoli

On the vocal cords distinguish voiced and voiceless consonants. When pronouncing the voiceless consonants the glottis disclosed and exhaled air passes through the larynx silently. When voiced consonants the vocal cords close together and stretched. Exhaled air causes them to oscillate, thereby forming a voiced consonant. In the Russian language sounds: [b, c, d, e, g, h, l, m, n, p, q] - voiced consonants and sounds [k, n, s, t, f, s, h, w, w] - voiceless consonants. In English, for voiced sounds include: [b, v, g, d, z, l, m, n, r], ​​for the deaf - [k, p, s, t, f, tʃ, ʃ, θ, h] .

Voiced consonants: voiceless consonants:
b - [b]
in - [v]
z - [g]
etc. - [d]
w - [ʒ]
s - [z]
n - [l]
m - [m]
n - [ n]
p - [r]
n - [dʒ] - [ð] to - [k]
n - [p]
to - [s]
t - [t]
p - [f]
x - [h]
h - [tʃ ]
w - [ʃ]
w - [θ]
vowel sounds of the English language

for the classification of the vowel sounds are considered various provisions of the language relatively hard palate, as well as which part of the language involved in the articulation and a high back of the tongue rises to solid palate.

There are front vowels when the tip of the tongue rests against the base of the lower teeth, and the back of the tongue quite comes close to solid palate: English vowel [i:] and Russian [and].

If the tongue is drawn back and the tip of the tongue is lowered and the back of the tongue raised toward the soft palate, we recite back vowels: English sound [a:]. Russian and sounds [o] and [y]

The position of lips and labial neogublennye distinguish vowel sounds. For example, in the pronunciation of Russian sound [in] his lips are rounded and are nominated forward: [y] is a labial vowel. When pronouncing [and] her lips slightly stretched, but not pushed forward:. Vowel [u] - neogublenny vowel

vowel quality depends on the strength of muscles of the speech organs: the articulation of tension, the more clearly and brighter sound. Accordingly distinguish vowels tense and the absence of stress. For example, the English vowel [i:] is pronounced with more stress than [i].

Результаты (английский) 3:

if the air passes out through the nasal cavity, such смычные sounds are called nasal. examples of the nasal смычных russians are [n, m] and english [n, m, ŋ].if the organs of speech, not completely, but leave narrow - gap for air, we say a fricative. in the russian щелевыми are sound [c, r, s, sh, g, l], in english щелевые consonant (f2, ð, ʃ, ʒ, s, z, h, f, v, w, r, j, l). among consonants, there are смычно - щелевые sounds. they are called so because they have размыкание barriers is slow; the barrier moves into the slot. in the russian language that sounds (c, h) and in english (tʃ, dʒ].stand in the way of the air can be formed in various organs of speech. if the lower lip gets close to the top, there are bilabial consonant. in the russian language that sounds [n, m] in english, [p (m, w). if the lower lip touches the upper teeth, these consonants are called cleft dental. in the russian language that sounds [s,] in english, [f (v).if the tip of the tongue is located between the lower and upper front teeth, pronounced межзубный agreeable sound: [f2, ð].the consonants [t, d, n, l, c, r) - dental, since the end of the language up to the inner surface of the upper teeth. english consonants [t, d, l, s, z] - alveolar, as the tip of the tongue contact or rises to the альвеолам.on the vocal cords between the deaf and the voice. in uttering the voice slot and the consonants and exhaled air passes through the larynx, silently. for example сближены phoned the vocal cords and tense. exhaled air leads to fluctuations, resulting in a volunteer is a voiced sound. in the russian language, sound, [b, b, d, f, z, l, m, n, r, c) a voice and sound: (in, p, c, t, s, x, h, s, s) - voiceless sounds. in the english language to звонким sounds include: [(b, v, g, d, z, l, m, n, r), deaf (k, p, s, t, f, tʃ, ʃ, f2, h].voice: sharp consonants:b - [b]in [v]mr. [g]dr. [d]well - [ʒ]z - [z].l - [(l)]m - [m]n - [n]r - [r]c - [dʒ] - [ð] - [k]p - [p]- [s]t [t]s - [(f)]x - [h]h - [tʃ][[ʃ]s - [f2]vowel sounds of the english languagefor the classification of vowels sounds are various provisions concerning the rigid tongue palate, as well as how much of the language involved in the articulation and how high the language up to the твёрдому lead.the front vowel, when the tip of the tongue is the base of the lower teeth, and the language quite comes close to твёрдому lead: english near [i:] and english [].if the language оттянут back and the tip of the tongue is omitted, and the language up to soft lead, we say a back vowel: english sound [a:] and the sound [of] and [i].on the status of the lips of the огубленные and неогу