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ALFRED BINET (1857-1911), French psychologist known for his achievement in developing a standard intelligence test. Binet was born on July 11, 1857, in Nice. He was educated at the Sorbonne, where he studied law. However, he decided to continue his studies in medicine and psychology. In 1889, at the Sorbonne, he helped to found the first psychological research laboratory in France. As director of the laboratory, Binet tried to develop experimental techniques to measure intelligence and reasoning ability. In 1895, he founded the first French psychological journal, L'Annee Psychologique (The Psychological Year), and used it to publish the results of his research studies.Binet's most important work was in intelligence testing. With his colleague, psychologist Theodore Simon, he developed a test to measure the mental ability of children. The Binet-Simon Scale first appeared in 1905. It was made up of problems designed to measure general intelligence, and items were graded according to age level. The child's score, based on the number of correct answers, showed the child's mental age.Binet died in Paris on October 18, 1911. His work on intelligence measurement remained important among psychologists in other countries. The Stanforcl-Binet Scale, an adaptation of Binet's original test, was widely used for many years in the United States, where great importance was paid to intelligence testing.
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